According to the law of many countries, including Iran, a computer programs are protected in intellectual property system in the form of literary or artistic works or Patent; It may also be governed by a sui generies system. Patenting a computer program technically and legally requires conditions and has many economic and administrative consequences that are problematic. The Patent requirements of a computer program are the same as for Patents, in whole, and has virtually no barriers except in the case of an industrial application. In foreign judicial systems, the technical effect of the program is considered as a condition for industrial use; In Iran, in order to avoid the problems, with the help of technical effect, it is possible to separate the types of programs and give protection to the programs that have been published with their appropriate hardware. However, the extra-legal challenges of Patent for the computer program remain. In this article, while introducing the Patent system and applying it to the computer program, we examine these challenges and try to provide the right way to legislate and at least to interpret the rulings to play a role in the development of this aspect of technology.

As a result of the advancement of technology, using the Patent and the relationship among inventors have been developed. These factors have put forward a new type of contract called “Patent pools”. Pool is a means to manage and commercialize the Patent. Pool is a collective management of inventions resulting from legal-economic circumstances, such as Patent thicket, collaboration among inventors, increase in research activities, avoiding the possible Patent infringement, reducing transaction costs. By considering that Iran is dealing with these agreements in its development stages, this article aims to fill the gap in terms of literature. This article analytically examines related literature by addressing this question: How can inventors, consumers and society benefit from these contracts. In dealing with this question, cost-benefit analysis is considered. This paper first defines the pool and its features, and then analyzes its economic fundamentals.

The Patent Right is a rational validity that is established between a person and an object or a place. There are some arguments and disagreements about the nature of the Patent right‒is the financial right considered a kind of possession, kingdom, or priority? Also, there are some disagreements about proving such right and to prove this matter, some reasons such as consensus, narration, associating with someone, and the practice of the wise are cited. Some of the issues about which the Patent Right is considered are as follows: the Patent Right in unclean entities, the decline of entity from taxes and possession and the Patent Right towards entity after compensating the damage (giving substitution), the spiritual ownership, and the priority right. The provision of the realization of the Patent Right is its benefit and the existence of exploitation. The disturbance or seizure of the Patent Right without the permission of its owner is unlawful. Also, the exchange and ownership of the Patent Right freely through gift, will, or devotion is correct. Due to its kind, the end of the Patent Right is different.

IoT is a technology of interaction and communication between tools, whereby the embedded protocols and Software on a hardware processor enable the communication of these tools with one another, the human agent and the assigned tasks. For Software or protocol to be capable of being registered, it must have practical application and innovative properties relative to its species. Because of the nature and quality of the design of protocols and electronic Software, the design of such cases for a smart instrument, although overlapping with similar variants, shall not be regarded as infringing the copyright of the original work. The mechanism for registering items stated in the US legal system is governed by two mechanisms: InterParts (request for registration of designated items if there are legal requirements) and Post-Grant (quality of claim processing and objections to designated items).

Intellectual property and intangible asset issues are one of the main concerns of the business world, today. Intangible asset mostly originates from intelligent and research activities and is represented as trade secrets, Patents, industrial designs, copyrights, etc. Intellectual property (IP) rights mean the legal rights resulting from intellectual activity in the industrial, scientific, literary and artistic fields.It is inevitable that IP awareness and knowledge must be increased among Iranian inventors and companies. Learning about Patent and Patenting procedures before the national and regional IP offices are of great importance to all of the people involved in this regard.The concepts of Patents, Patentability and general guidelines of preparing an invention report for Patenting have been reviewed in this article.